Introduction: Maslow in the Big Apple
Abraham Maslow was born in New York in 108 to the poor and uneducated immigrants Russians. He was the oldest of seven children, and thus paid by his parents to achieve success in education, where they have not done so. Study was originally to be a lawyer, was found to be of little interest, and finally turned to psychology, where he excelled. Maslow went on to obtain a doctorate degree in psychology at the University of Wisconsin, under the tutelage of Harry Harlow, famous for experimenting with monkeys and attachment behavior. After some time he returned to New York and began studying human sexuality. In addition to this study, during the years of teaching, it was a chance to meet many of the psychologists highly respected, which also helped to shape his ideas on human needs. The last event which Maslow has to move in a humanitarian direction of studying the evolution of the concept of "self-realization." This study was led by Maslow to develop his famous hierarchy of needs theory. [1]
food for thought: Why do humans really need
Even Maslow began to develop his theories, most studies have focused on human nature to biology, investigation or to explain the power of forces that pay us.
Maslow postulated that there are five levels of basic needs that all human attempts to achieve:
needs externally-Radi (basic needs that every individual must meet before they can progress).
1. Physiological - I'm hungry.
2. Safety - I'm scared.
needs internally-Radi (needs leading to enlightenment and understanding
3. Social - I'm single
4. Esteem - I can not
5. Perception self - I can not
in the 1970s, and the division of Maslow's more of this hierarchy, up to a total of eight levels: [2]
1) Physiological: hunger and thirst! And means of physical discomfort, and so on;
2) safety / security: out of danger.
3) belonging and love: he joined with others, be accepted. And
4) Esteem: to achieve, be competent, and get the approval and recognition.
5) Cognitive: to know, to understand, and explore; (new)
6) Aesthetic: symmetry, order and beauty; (new)
7) Self: Finding achieve on self-fulfillment and achieving one's potential. And
8) Self-transcendence: to connect to something outside the ego or to help others find self-fulfillment and realize their potential. (New) (This is a relatively new concept and many authors such as Dr. Stephen Covey expressed similar views.) [3]
Another way to look at the needs are divided into "D-needs" (lack of) and " B- needs "(being). Maslow believed that the lack of needs, once satisfied ceased to be the driving force of the individual, and at that time was free to move upward to develop themselves.
If we follow the traditional hierarchy, we can see that every need form the basis of the need for it in the next pyramid. Without these former bases, Maslow believed that it is impossible to move to the next level in the hierarchy. [4]
In spite of the fact that it is a very well-known and comfortable in essence, there seems to be little hard evidence that the theory applies in fact the people in general. Maslow even admitted as much. [5]
learning experience
include Maslow's needs had a significant impact on the field of education. It turned traditional beliefs on educational methodology to a more humane approach, with a focus on meeting in order to help them to apply the basic needs of the students.
The most important goal in education is to learn, followed by the development of an understanding of the material retained, and apply it to life. In order to do this, you need to be motivated enough to work hard to achieve this goal the students. Without the motivation to learn it is unlikely that education will succeed to the extent that it is intended.
In order to maximize the motivational desire, the need for teachers to attend to the needs of the student. By understanding include Maslow's needs, teachers can work towards the achievement of the basic needs that develop the foundation of higher education, or achieved.
Here is an example of how the school is able to meet the basic needs of the students:
If the school is aware that in order to work in the school and students in need of basic physiological needs satisfied before they can absorb their studies, they you may consider providing lunches if a great deal of students do not have their own. This would push the learners to the next level. Through the promotion of a safe environment of trust, with a social classroom network, offering praise in the form of positive reinforcement from teachers, students will be able to focus on learning. [6]
real and the example that has come up near the end of the 20th century with respect to this is the problems that have arisen as a result of beliefs in "special education" to. During the 70s and 80s when he was working as the traditional beliefs of the separation of children with special needs (physical, intellectual, and emotional) anomalies in the school system cases originated is questioning these beliefs. It was believed that by placing these students in the atmosphere of a separate learning they will be able to learn a pace more appropriate to their abilities, special interest and offer the ultimate through the system to receive the same education at the end of the program. As it turns out that this did not happen, and it hinders learning for children. [7]
managing expectations
focus on the humanitarian needs of the successful stimulation can very easily be ported to most of the business world and apply them in the field of management. In fact, Maslow became fascinated by the same management and tried to explain the good managers the ability to motivate their employees by using a sound understanding of the religious leader of needs. Even went so far as to conduct regular visits high-tech company in California to study management practices in the 1960s. Maslow discovered that managers who deal with their subordinates with confidence and respect for the creation of an environment that promotes better work productivity and improve the situation.
Peter Drucker, said the famous teacher management that "the contribution of Maslow management was a big one, pointing to the hat you have the policies of different personnel for different people affairs in different situations for them to be truly effective." [8]
Why 'Y'?
Theories X and Y, also developed by Douglas McGregor fit very nicely in theory needs. If human beings are seeking, in essence, for something to help push them to the next level, and have an inner desire to progress, and to give back to the community, as is believed by followers of the "Y" theory, then go for the reason that a humanitarian approach, as stipulated by the Maslow would help these individuals reach their goals. If we believe that human nature responds best to positive, caring atmosphere, then managers that carry these beliefs with respect to their employees should be able to raise them even higher in an attempt to improve productivity, and individual goals for the worker:
1. staff Showing work as natural.
2. Commitment goals leads to self-direction and self-control.
3. People will look for cases that can get accountability for their work.
4. decision-making at various levels can be spread between the company and not be the responsibility of senior management. [9]
What is a "humanitarian" got to do , I got to do?
humanity is the "third force" in psychology, following the traditional studies of behaviorism and psychoanalysis. Maslow, Carl Rogers, Rowley May and helped many others to pay this way of looking at the human condition.
humanity has a long history dating back to the times of Greek philosophers from the 6th century BC. And come out ahead in the time and put in three main categories: religious and secular educational and humanitarian. When the "humanity", which means people are generally secular humanism understand discussed.
"Humanity is a broad category of active ethical philosophies that emphasize the dignity and worth of all people, on the basis of the ability to determine right and wrong by appeal to universal human qualities- particularly rational, common history, experience, and belief. Humanity is an element of a variety of more specific philosophical systems, has also been included in some of the religious schools of thought.
humanity involves a commitment to the search for truth and morality through human means in support of the interests of rights. to focus on the ability to self-determination and humanity rejects the justifications transcendent, such as reliance on faith, and texts supernatural or heavenly. approves humanitarian global ethics based on the commonalities of human nature, suggesting that solutions to the social and cultural problems. can not be narrow "[10]
believe humanists generally as follows : [11]
1. humanity is the philosophy of focusing on the rights and ways of understanding reality. Humanists do not claim to possess or obtain the knowledge supposed transcendent.
2. humanity is the philosophy of reason and science in the pursuit of knowledge. Therefore, when it comes to the question of the most suitable means to acquire knowledge of the world, humanists and arbitrary power unbelievers, and revelation, and the awareness of a variable.
3. humanity is the philosophy of the imagination. Humanists recognize that feelings of intuitive, CAMS, speculation, flashes of inspiration, passion, awareness variable, and even religious experience, while not valid way to acquire knowledge, useful sources remainder of the ideas that can lead us to new ways of looking at the world. These ideas, having been a rational assessment of the utility, and can then be put in the work, often with alternative approaches to solve problems.
4. humanity is the philosophy of the here and now. Humanists regard human values as making sense only in the context of human life and not in the supposed promise of life after death.
5. humanity is the philosophy of compassion. Human morality is concerned only with human needs and find a solution to the problems of human - on both the individual and society - and devote any attention to the satisfaction of the desires of supposed religious entities.
6. humanity is realistic philosophy. Humanists recognize the existence of the moral dilemmas and the need for careful consideration of immediate and future results in ethical decision-making process.
7. humanity is in tune with today's science. Thus the recognition of humanists we live in a natural world of large size and enact that we evolved on this planet over a long period of time, there is no compelling evidence to separate the "spirit", and that human beings have certain built-in needs that constitute an effective basis for any system human value oriented.
8. humanity is in tune with today's enlightened social thought. We are committed to humanitarian civil liberties, human rights, separation of church and state, and the extension of participatory democracy, not only in government but also in the workplace, education, and expand awareness and the exchange of products and ideas on a global international level, and to follow an open approach to solving social problems, an approach that allows to test new alternatives.
9. humanity is in tune with new technological developments. Humanists are willing to participate in the scientific and technological discoveries emerging in order to exert moral influence on these revolutions as they come about, especially in the interest of protecting the environment.
10. humanity is, in short, the philosophy of those who are in love with life. Humanists take responsibility for their lives and flavor adventure of being part of the new discoveries, seeking new knowledge, and to explore new options. Instead of finding solace in the Greater ready answers questions in life, humanists enjoy the open-endedness of the pursuit of freedom and discovery that this entails.
What is holding us back?
if access to the top of the mountain of self was easy, everybody will be enlightened, happy, hard-working and creative, and the wealthy. We all strive to take responsibility for our actions, and to try to improve the situation around us through the development of new and unique ideas. Unfortunately, this does not happen. What is holding us back from reaching our "fully functional, sound character"?
I agree with Maslow that society and the educational system to prevent individuals from reaching their full potential. Here is what has Maslow to say in this regard:
"the status of being without the system of values is psychopathogenic, we learn everyone needs a framework of values and philosophy of life, religion or alternative religion to live by and understand before, in about the same feeling he needed sunlight, calcium or love. this has been called "the need for knowledge to understand." diseases of value that result from valuelessness called different anhedonia, homosexuality, apathy, immorality, and despair, cynicism, etc., and can become physical illness, too. historically, we are drop-in value that values giving external systems proved the failure of (political, economic, religious, etc.) for example, nothing worthy of death, why man needs, but you do not have, he seeks to non-stop, and it becomes dangerously ready to jump on any hope, good or bad. the treatment of this disease is clear. We need to validate, usable human values system that we can believe in and devote ourselves to (be willing to die for), because it is true and not because we are exhorted to "believe and not they have confidence. "such a Weltanschauung based on experimentation now seems to be a real possibility, at least in the theoretical scheme. "[12]
If the community does not instill proper values in the youth of today, they are unable to develop a healthy outlook on life, and this will hamper their journey to self-realization. the education system is also currently not providing proper ethics, positive, caring environment for students in order for them to grow. the need of these schools to focus on the hierarchy Maslow's hierarchy of needs that are lacking in the student body and take care of their areas, and help students to excel in ways that go deeper than just grades good
Abstract: change your socks, change your position
in the modern business world, a working method that focuses on the product is no longer successful. companies must now, more than ever, and the development of consumer approach that focuses on the business. the market demassifying, and this means that the individual must meet the requirements.
for the education system to produce individuals can reach peak Maslow pyramid, schools must also take a similar approach and instead of focusing on the product (education), it should instead focus on fulfilling the needs of the client (the student). This will by no means be an easy task because it requires a tremendous amount of time and energy on the part of the supplier (schools), but the final results produce a much more comfortable with the customer is able to benefit from the interaction.
Maslow lists 10 points of educators and teachers should consider in order to change their style so as to move towards self-realization of the individual. It can be found on the summary of these points below:
1. Be true to yourself.
2. Do not be bound by your culture.
3. discover your calling.
4. decent life.
5. Do not judge people.
6. See to satisfy their basic needs.
7. Take time to smell the roses.
8. learn restraint.
9. Do not sweat the small stuff.
10. make the right decisions.
This can and must be applied to all aspects of life, from the private time, through education and even in the work environment in order to work towards improving yourself and the community.
References
C. George Boeree 1., "Abraham Maslow, 108-1970", Http://www.ship.edu/~ cgboeree / maslow.html
2. Huitt, W. (04). Maslow's hierarchy of needs. Educational Psychology Interactive. Valdosta, GA: Valdosta State University. Retrieved [date] from, Http://chiron.valdosta.edu/whuitt/col/regsys/maslow.html .
3. Stephen Covey, "usually 8TH, the effectiveness to greatness," Franklin Coffey, freedom of the press, 04.
4. Wikipedia, "include Maslow's needs, Http: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maslow%27s_hierarchy_of_needs
5. educational Psychology interactive
6. Jones, Michael. "Maslow's needs can be included to reduce recidivism. "corrections day 66.4 (04): 18-22.
7. Norman Kunc," the need to belong: hierarchy rediscovery of Maslow's needs, the focus of consultancy and training Limited ,, [http://www.normemma.com/armaslow.htm], 1998.
8. adapted from Maslow in the management, by Abraham H. Maslow, with Deborah Stevens and Gary Hale, 1998.
9. Robbins, Stephen P., "the fundamentals of organizational behavior, eighth edition, Pearson Education Inc., 05, P50
Wikipedia definition of 10. "humanity", Http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humanism
11. Frederick Edwards, " what is humanity? ", the American Humanist Association, 1989, [http://www.jcn.com/humanism.php4]
12. Maslow, A., and Lori, R. (Ed). (1998). '(. 3rd edition) about psychology as' New York: Wiley & Sons.
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