many definitions of entrepreneurship can be found in the literature describing business processes. The earliest definition of entrepreneurship, which dates back to the eighteenth century was considered, as a means of economic term describing afford to buy risk in some prices and selling prices is uncertain process. Later, it expanded the term to include the concept of combining the factors of production. This definition has led others to question whether there is any function unique projects or whether it is just a form of management. Recently, the concept of innovation has been added to the definition of entrepreneur-ship. That innovation thrives in many categories: innovation, market innovation, product innovation, the innovation factor, and organizational innovation. He described the latest definitions projects also involve the creation of new institutions while the entrepreneur is the founder.
has gonegreat effort also try to understand the psychological and social foundations of entrepreneurship. These studies have noted some common characteristics among businessmen. Most entrepreneurs have a need for achievement, perceived locus of control, orientation toward intuitive thinking, rather than logical, and the tendency for risk. In addition, many commented on the common, but not for all, the subject of deprivation in childhood, and membership of a minority economic and adolescent experiences in the early incarnation as structured heat.
At first glance, then, we may have the beginnings of a definition of entrepreneurship. However, a detailed study of each of the literature, realistic and examples of entrepreneurship and tend to offer more difficult to define, if not impossible to define precisely.
Take, for example, the extent to which entrepreneurship is synonymous with the risk of pregnancy, innovation, or even the founding of the company. Each of the terms mentioned above focus on some aspects of some businessmen. If this holds true, then the likes of Thomas Watson of IBM or Ray Kroc of McDonald's will never qualify. Few scientists say seriously that these people are not businessmen.
Although risk tolerance is an important element of personal projects, many businessmen have succeeded by avoiding risk by seeking others to take risks mentioned. One man highly successful business, he said, "My idea of risk and return is for me to get a reward and others to take risks."
creativity often is not a prerequisite for entrepreneurship either. Many of the successful entrepreneurs are good at simulating and others to improve one way or another on the idea. It will be remembered for the innovation part of those that were necessary for the success of the product.
many questions about the psychological and social qualities of the business continues to arise. How could it be successful and unsuccessful entrepreneurs can share the typically identify characteristics? Moreover, it is often some decline "Entrepreneurship" Studies show in the wake of a successful project for the entrepreneur. This tends to refute the central character or personality traits as a sufficient basis for identifying projects.
Thus, we are left with a set of factors and behaviors that characterize the entrepreneurial spirit in some individuals. All of the above tends to reinforce the view that it is difficult, if not impossible to determine what is an entrepreneur. The word itself can be better used in the past tense to describe a successful businessman.
Measuring Entrepreneurship
In spite of the darkness of the current realities of the entrepreneur, there is still a strong boost, especially among practitioners of enterprise development, to measure entrepreneurship in some way. These attempts to measure a set of simple lists through a complex and detailed computer programs. Is the motivation behind the need for a definition and measurement of entrepreneurship from the idea that it is the owner of the project, which is a factor of success in the launch of any business.
he or she is the person who sees an opportunity in the market and then has an incentive and motivation and the ability to meet demand necessary for resource mobilization. The main characteristics of entrepreneurs that have been listed by many commentators as follows.
"multiple self-confidence and skills.
" confident in the face of difficulties and circumstances are not encouraging.
"innovative skills. Sees opportunities often invisible to others.
" results-oriented. Drive that only comes from achieving the goals they have set for themselves require.
"There is a risk taking and often exhibits a successful businessman progressive approach to risk, at every stage exposing himself / herself to measure only a limited amount, of personal risk and the transition from one stage to another as each proves the decision.
"full commitment. Hard work, energy, and the mind is one of the key elements in the composition of the initiative.
However, there is a need to be attached to two of these warnings is a partial list of entrepreneurial qualities.
First, individuals choose to train and develop projects like this set of attitudes and skills in no way guarantees business success.
Second, the characteristics of the projects needed to launch a business successfully are often not those required for the business sector, which is facing growing. The situation becomes completely different once they grow to any size, which makes a range of different object skills. The role of the entrepreneur needs to change with the business as they develop and grow, but more often he or she is able to make the transition.
Dreamers and directors of
in new and emerging companies, and the person who starts work is often structured or insight.
and insight, which begins working with a new idea - to make something better or at a lower cost, to make it in a new way or to meet the unique needs of its kind - often are not interested in the first place to get the money. Insight want to do something no one else has done as it can. It is interesting and exciting, and thus meet the need. As soon as our work starts with some success, to change the nature and processes. This ultimately requires the skill of a different set of people with a vision.
at this stage, and businessmen infant experiences the first set of challenges:
"How can a structured insight transfer of skills and inspiration that made little enterprise success in something bigger
" How do you deal business with cash flow constraints?
"How does it get the legitimacy necessary to enable it to borrow?
often, and insight are not interested in these issues. Visionaries are bad in the supervision of staff, negotiating with investors, or training successors . business now needs professional management focus, which calls for a different set of skills, to manage and sustain growth, which vary from one needed to start projects and enhance vision skills.
application of management skills allowed. Enterprise teenagers to continue to do a good job, but the work culture begins to change the focus of the management structure, policies and procedures and, more importantly, profitability so, business up to the next challenge: the organization requires maturity now an administrative or governance to create checks and balances structure and ensure that the administration's focus does not become too strong and overwhelm the entrepreneurial spirit necessary to create rapid growth and access to new markets.
business in emerging industries go through these three stages characterized by vision, management and governance. to develop a corporate company with the appropriate administrative structures, The business faced a new set of challenges that are common to all industries:
"? How can the work of maintaining vision
"How do you strike that balance between growth, risk and profitability?
" How to create a rule that holds management accountable without undermining the independence and flexibility system?
conclusion
this session to develop the above actions are common among successful companies. Course in itself raises the question of what to focus on when trying to determine business idea to participate in a program like TKMPK. The real danger for those involved in the activities of choice is the choice of entrepreneurial qualities and administrative skills. This may thus condemning acts to unbalanced growth, poor management and failure at the end of the day, and the institution does not respond adequately to market conditions and new business. Another risk is to try to determine people's ideas.
concentration in any predicative element in the selection process, therefore, must be a balance of both organizational and managerial qualities. The main determinant in the selection of participants for the training of business management must remain a business idea itself.
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