Decision Support System:
and Decision Support System is an integrated set of computer tools allows for the decision maker to interact directly with the computer to retrieve useful information in making semi-structured and unstructured decisions. An example of this decision include such things as mergers and acquisitions decisions, plant expansion, new product decisions portfolio management and marketing decisions.
decision-making is an essential administrative activity. And can be visualized as consisting of four stages: intelligence, design, selection and implementation of
important aspects of the decision support system:
1) The most important consideration is the ease of decision support system of use - its ability to allow people non-technical policies and to deal with them directly. The one problem the biggest and most enduring flexibility with computer hardware, and its inability to allow the person who needs the data in fact, to deal directly with the computer.
2) it should not be limited to the ability to access information for only part of the only organization, administrative or professional group specific. Instead, it should be the distribution of resources to all the people and part of the organization need without getting on a large scale. And the strength of advanced distributed processing system goes untapped because they usually have in the past.
3) decision support system ideal in sharp contrast to the previous method of designing applications should not "system" is at all in the strict sense of the word. Instead, it should be a decision support to adapt very easily that can be used by professionals to quickly design data support models to suit the specific decision-making task generator. This tool must adapt to allow for quick design changes if the original design did not match closely the information collection method or the person needs.
4) to provide adequate support for the human race, and it must be this ability to be supporting adaptation High able to provide service to the operational data, as well as summary data that have already been processed by applications designed for specific tasks implementing other programs. Equally important, this tool must provide the professional with access to the raw data of the organization and must allow access to be done in one step using an uncomplicated one or matter without the need to re-key data is summarized.
5) organizations need to gain access to the original data in some cases because the efficiency of the extent of being linked to the original data is organized in the system; support must be generator able to interact properly with the decision of database management systems. You should also be able to access the standard file "flat" indirectly using the power of the host computer to facilitate both the user interface and data access without changing existing files.
6) and the birth of decision support should allow the user to decide whether the information should be displayed on the screen CRT for immediate use, or whether it should be printed for later use. The best way to achieve this is to display the data through flexible workstation. The management or professional information station includes a keyboard and display interface for a printer that can print everything from straight text to graphics like pie charts, graphs and bar charts line.
must 7) Support interaction with many different systems and capabilities of the tool, it must be compatible with all of them, you must-have tool provides users with the same language used for easy access to data handling and display them in a way that will best support the end-user .
8) to facilitate the coordination and manipulation display the data, it should be the ideal decision support generator able to interact with word processing programs. With this capability, the DSS becomes the primary link between the data and automation of office address, and integrate all of the functions in, straight forward, very strong system easily used.
, which features in the global business environment Resolution:
/ decision-making strategy of business properties
multinational: (a decentralized Union) decentralized decision-making subsidiaries, and informal relationships between headquarters and branches
International: (coordinated EU) more dynamic and knowledge in general and the decision to put in the headquarters and transferred to subsidiaries
Global (Central Union) decisions taken in the knowledge of the advanced status and kept in the center
Transnational: (integrated network) decision-making and knowledge generation distributed among units
managers and decision support system:
and the daily work of the director, and hundreds of brief activities of great variety, which require shifts quick attention from one issue to another, often initiated by emerging problems. The director maintains a complex network of contacts inside and outside the organization. Not swept a wave of successful manager before the onslaught of these activities: he or she maintains a personal agenda. An effective manager selection as it were, the structure is an official of their own within the company structure and they use this network to keep themselves informed and influence others. It has been absorbed that proactive manager make special efforts to develop a long-term vision and agenda in the long term.
need for the types of information produced by decision support system that has always existed. Decision support systems became popular in the first place because of their ability to fill this need. At present, the availability of computers and the emergence of database management system in 1970 and has provided the means to store and manage large amounts of data, and a large increase in the number of merging the functions of decision support system software packages. Finally many MBAs who have been trained analytical techniques and has now reached the middle and upper levels of the companies. These individuals know how to use the tools that provide decision support system. And in more than one organization, and managers use computer data processing applications running. This leads to the development of decision support system in the business world.
The prevailing idea on a large scale that the decision -making process of talking is very organized. According to this view, the management makes decisions through the collection and analysis of all relevant information, and to review all the possible alternatives and then calmly and rationally choosing the course of action that provides maximum benefits at minimal risk.
managers play three types of roles in the implementation of their duties. Personal roles mainly based on face-to-face interaction. Through in some cases can be used as means of computerized communications. And it supports the media and the decision of the roles variety of information systems, which make information available, and to help make decisions, and act as a means of communication
all administrative roles and an element of the decision-making process: Decision Roles are the ones where this is a critical aspect. Director combines resources in a new way. Decision Support System helps regulator to consider the options and choose the one and planning to implementation. Dealing with the unrest is part of the administrative control. The allocation of resources is the essence of planning and decision support systems have become indispensable in many organizations for this purpose.
Manager is the solution of problems, the basic activity in solving the problem is the decision-making process. Decision-making is the process of identifying the problem and to develop alternative solutions and to select and implement one of them. It recognizes the experienced director of a similar problem to the one if he had already faced. Intuitive grip of a problem often depends on the ability to create measurement. Systems approach to problem solving helps to manage complexity
decision support system in the regulatory environment:
organizations that have been most successful in the implementation of the Dubai Summer Surprises has a lot in common. I have a well-established, well controlled and well organized data, which provides transaction processing data necessary for DSS processing system. These organizations have spent the extra money and staff needed to keep the focus on research and development. All departments have been informed in the organization with a central group of computers. Entire departments have sufficient confidence to initiate and manage systems projects. Groups mainframe has many people on the staff either came from all the other departments. Education and training programs and are used by organizations to build mutual understanding between the departments and group computer
capabilities offered by DSS:
1) making decision support in the poor organization situations- that due precisely to the lack of structure, The problem is not suitable for complete computerization, after needing help to get to the computer and processing huge amounts of data.
2) help to quickly get the quantities required results and access to the decision's.
3) working on customized to suit the current needs of the user mode, and instead of running in a manner generally scheduled to report its management system.
4) the different stages of the process of decision-support
5) decision-making Foster high quality by encouraging decisions based on the integration of information available and the rule of human
6) elasticity of supply unlike preordained pattern of use - making it easy to accommodate to take a certain amount of individual decision style.
7) To facilitate the implementation of decisions that often exceed the limits section.
8) Decision Support group in particular through the DSS group decision (GDS)
9) to give managers the opportunity to gain a better understanding of their business through the development and work with models
Conclusion: ..
with in the past few years, `computers that have been used increasingly in the areas of financial management, and analysis of production and planning in the short term and the worlds of business geographical analysis.Today, and use computers to process making the decision as a decision support. Types of decision support information management system, which aims to support human decision-maker during the process of reaching the main objective decision system. The strength of DSS lies in supporting the decision-making process in both cases that require human judgment and computer power. DSS supports primarily for strategic planning, tactical and operational.
properly designed and integrated, and DSS becomes a very powerful support tool that enhances the productivity of professionals at all organizational levels in all departments. It can effectively extend the current staff of the organization by reducing the size of its work, thus increasing productivity. With today's technology and state of the art software tools, it can bring us even closer to bridging the gap and processes up worlds. These features can offer today's organizations pressed more than ever to achieve maximum efficiency and cost reduction benefits is unprecedented in the use and management of both human resources and computer
Reference:
1) "Management Information System" that Viladimir Zwass
2) "The nature of the regulatory decision-making and the design of decision support system" by George. P Hooper.
3) "Introduction to Business" by Lawrence S. Aurelia Data Processing
4) "Management Information System" by James Hicks Jr. or
0 Komentar